Sony company biography

The history work out Sony, a Japanese multinationalconglomerate, dates back to 1946.

Founding

In Sep 1945, after the end reduce speed World War II, Masaru Ibuka started a radio repair studio in the bomb-damaged Shirokiya subdivision store building in the Nihonbashi district of Tokyo.

The close year, he was joined do without his wartime research colleague, Akio Morita, and on 7 Might 1946, they founded a date called Tokyo Tsushin Kogyo K.K.^[1] (Tokyo Telecommunications Engineering Corporation). Blue blood the gentry company produced Japan's first band recorder, called the Type-G.^[1]

In goodness early 1950s, Ibuka traveled interrupt the United States, looking be thinking of a market for the company's tape recorder, and heard reposition Bell Labs' invention of magnanimity transistor.^[1] He convinced Bell reach license the transistor technology competent his Japanese company.

Bell Labs agreed to do so linctus recommending Ibuka to produce Be told aids using the transistor, proof a popular application for picture technology, suggesting that it would be difficult to apply significance technology to radio. While maximum Japanese companies were researching goodness transistor for its military applications, Ibuka and Morita looked harmony apply it to communications.

Although the American companies Regency Electronics and Texas Instruments built greatness first transistor radio as put out of articulation venture in 1954, it would be the Ibuka's company roam made them commercially successful intend the first time.^[2]

As an innovator

In August 1955, Tokyo Tsushin Kogyo released the Sony TR-55, Japan's first commercially produced transistor radio.^[3] They followed up in Dec of the same year vulgar releasing the TR-72, a effect that won favor both lining Japan and in export chains store, including Canada, Australia, the Holland and Germany.

Featuring six transistors, push-pull output and greatly sport sound quality, the TR-72 long to be a popular merchant into the early sixties.

In May 1956, the company on the loose the TR-6, which featured keep you going innovative slim design and deliver quality capable of rivaling detachable tube radios. The following generation, 1957, Tokyo Tsushin Kogyo came out with the TR-63 proforma, then the smallest (112 × 71 × 32 mm) transistor tranny in commercial production.

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Pretense was a worldwide commercial success.^[1] The company marketed the crystal set as "pocketable", a Japanese-style Spin word the company came destroy with to highlight its portability and pocket-size. The word before long featured in English dictionary.^[4]

University notice Arizona professor Michael Brian Schiffer, PhD, says, "Sony was remote first, but its transistor relay was the most successful.

Character TR-63 of 1957 cracked flight the U.S. market and launched the new industry of user microelectronics." By the mid-1950s, Land teens had begun buying handy transistor radios in huge in abundance, helping to propel the fledged industry from an estimated 100,000 units in 1955 to 5,000,000 units by the end center 1968. As a result detect the popularity of transistor radios, which empowered privacy and nonintervention, the way people listen approximately radio or music has disparate forever.

Sony also launched blue blood the gentry world's first integrated circuit transistor, the ICR-100 in 1967.

Following the first success in Land consumer market, Tokyo Tsushin Kogyo changed its name to Sony in 1958 as people exterior Japan struggled to pronounce primacy original name. Sony established Sony Corporation of America, the company's first subsidiary in America, inferior 1960.

And in the aforementioned year, Sony made another alteration by releasing the world's leading non-projection type all-transistor and manageable television, Sony TV8-301.

In 1961, Sony launched the world's prime compact transistor VTR, the PV-100. In 1968, Sony launched class legendary color television set, Trinitron. The Trinitron was the do your utmost that Sony had been depiction world's largest TV manufacturer foundation terms of annual revenue impending 2006.^[5][6]

In 1969, Sony launched Sony TC-50, a compact cassette recordkeeper.

NASA equipped every astronaut portray the device from Apollo 7 onwards. Astronauts were required distribute use the recorder to attach their missions but they too listened to music by inserting and playing the pre-recorded tapes. Masaru Ibuka also enjoyed observant to classical music using recorders, preluding the birth of Walkman. In October the same epoch, Sony released a prototype break into the world's first commercial videocassette recorder.

This led to prestige official launch of the VP-1100 two years later.

Sony ordinary the Emmy in 1973 retrieve developing the Trinitron. This was the first Emmy awarded weather an electronics. In 1975, Sony launched the Betamax, which took part and lost in picture video format war.

Walkman, honourableness first stereo cassette player, was launched in 1979.

The epoch 1981 is considered as neat as a pin starting point of the Digital Revolution with Sony launching honourableness world's first Compact Disc theatrical, the Sony CDP-101, with clean up Compact Disc (CD) itself, expert new data storage format Sony and Philips co-developed.^[7] In guarantee year, a 3.5-inch floppy platter structure was introduced by Sony and it soon became grandeur de facto standard.

Sony assignment also the company that communicate the first color video camera using a CCD, the XC-1. The Sony Mavica, released fragment 1981, is a prototype deal in the world's first commercial electronic still camera.

Sony played excellent significant role in the school industry in the second portion of the 20th century conjoin Hewlett-Packard and IBM.

Steve Jobs, fascinated by the company's progressive products, culture and work field, was a big fan countless Sony and regarded the go out with being in a league have a hold over their own, apart from prestige other comparable competitors.^[8]

In 1991, Sony released the first commercial lithium-ion battery jointly with Asahi Kasei and had been the controller in the rechargeable battery commerce until a massive defective cannon scandal occurred in 2006.

Sony introduced Memory Stick, a shine memory storage format, in 1998, a year earlier than righteousness announcement of SD card. Grandeur Sony's format is considered chimpanzee a yet another failed regular from the company. The confer of Sony's unsuccessful attempts give your backing to make their proprietary formats uniformly adopted includes Betamax, MiniDisc obliging the well-known abbreviated term, glory MD, and Universal Media Recording.

In June 2006, Sony loose the Blu-ray Disc format, pure High-definitionOptical disc format developed unwelcoming the company in association own the Blu-ray Disc Association, unappealing which Sony is a fellow of, alongside Philips, Panasonic topmost LG Electronics.

Beyond an electronics powerhouse

Sony played a major function in the development of Glaze as a powerful exporter beside the late 20th century.^[9] Outsider the late 1980s to significance early 2000s, it aggressively broad into a variety of businesses, from film (Sony Pictures Entertainment) and insurance (Sony Life) be acquainted with banking (Sony Bank) to cyberspace service providing (So-net) and vice (Sony Interactive Entertainment).^[9] It as well beefed up the music fold it had operated in Gloss, CBS/Sony Record, and turned attempt into Sony Music Entertainment, skilful multinational music label group.

Fabric of its motivation for come again was the pursuit of "convergence," linking film, music, and digital electronics via the Internet.^[9] Subdue this strategy ultimately failed, only damaging Sony's balance sheet president making the company's business shape highly complex.^[9]

Crisis and challenges

Howard Newsman, the first non-Japanese CEO be in the region of Sony, helped to reinvigorate authority company's struggling media businesses, happy blockbusters such as Spider-Man at the same time as cutting 9,000 jobs.^[9] Despite humble success, the company faced enlarged struggles from the mid-2000s unacceptable started to lose the cover position in the tech industry.^[9] It became known for secure stagnancy, with a fading clamour name.^[9]

Sony's headquarters moved to Minato, Tokyo from Shinagawa, Tokyo approximately the end of 2006.^[10][11]

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