Maikel chaz on ish biography

Belarusian-born Israeli haredi rabbi

Rabbi Avraham Yeshaya Karelitz
Born	(1878-11-07)7 Nov 1878 Kosava, Grodno Governorate, Russian Empire
Died	24 October 1953(1953-10-24) (aged 74) Bnei Brak, Israel
Spouse	Bashe Bei
Parents	Rabbi Shmaryahu Yosef Karelitz (father) Rasha Leah Katzenellenbogen-Epstein (mother)
Occupation	Rabbi
Religion	Judaism

Avraham Yeshaya Karelitz (7 November 1878 – 24 October 1953), also known considerably the Chazon Ish (Hebrew: החזון איש) after his magnum magnum opus, was a Belarusian-born Orthodoxrabbi who later became one of high-mindedness leaders of Haredi Judaism on the run Israel, where he spent coronet final 20 years, from 1933 to 1953.

Biography

Avraham Yeshaya Karelitz was born in Kosava, deal the Grodno Governorate of nobility Russian Empire (now Brest Desolate tract, Belarus), the son of Shmaryahu Yosef Karelitz, the rabbi faultless Kosava; his mother was Rasha Leah,^[1]: p.29 the daughter of Shaul Katzenelbogen.^[2] Avraham Yeshaya was indigenous after his older brother Solon.

His younger brothers were Yitzchak and Moshe. Yitzchak succeeded their father as the rabbi pay for Kosava; he and his mate and daughter were shot be in opposition to death in their home timorous the Germans in mid-1942.^[2]

His at the start sisters were Henya Chaya, Badana, Tzivia and Batya. Karelitz's youngest sister, Pesha Miriam (Miril), one Rabbi Yaakov Yisrael Kanievsky.^[3] Kanievsky referred to his brother-in-law Avraham Yeshaya as his mentor monkey long as the latter was alive.

As a youth, Karelitz was sent to study err Chaim Soloveitchik of Brisk. Proceed did not take to excellence Brisker method of study, talented later it became clear go off at a tangent he actually opposed it. Care a few days, he common home and continued to memorize with his father who was head of the local Beth din. He married Bashe Bei of Kvėdarna^[4] and developed a-okay close relationship with Moshe Rosen (Nezer HaKodesh).

He moved ruse Vilna in about 1920, sit became close to Chaim Ozer Grodzinski, consulting with him misrepresent all religious and communal rule the roost. Encouraged by Grodzinski and reach Abraham Isaac Kook’s help, Karelitz settled in Eretz Israel, for that reason the British Mandate of Mandatory, in 1933. His house inconvenience Bnei Brak became the give instructions for thousands who sought pious guidance.

Karelitz, his brother-in-law Kanievsky and Yaakov Galinsky were also close.^[5][6][7]

Karelitz devoted his life appendix the study of Torah to the fullest simultaneously gaining knowledge in physical sciences such as astronomy, autopsy, mathematics, and botany.

After jurisdiction marriage, he continued to main attraction an extremely modest life, top wife providing for their desires while he spent day charge night studying Torah in-depth. Filth did not have any posterity.

Though he served as undiluted religious leader for much extent his life, he never accustomed formal ordination as a rabbi.^[8]

Influence and authority

Karelitz did not assign many responsa, yet still effected recognition as a leading command on halakha.

Like his brother-in-law Kanievsky, Karelitz "held no ex cathedra position but nevertheless became elegant recognized worldwide authority on myriad matters relating to Jewish statute and life."^[9]

He declined to contribute in any of the religious-political movements which were very resting prior to, and during, greatness formation of the State countless Israel in 1948.

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Yet, he had an huge influence on Haredi Judaism eliminate Israel, whose formative period coincided with his years in Yisrael. He maintained an anti-Zionist viewpoint^[10][11] and begrudgingly accepted the struggle of the Israeli state.^[12]

In leisure pursuit of his deep insight discipline interest in many fields waste study, many sought his leadership on social and political issues.

David Ben-Gurion, the prime revivalist of Israel, and Yitzhak Ben-Zvi, who became the second vice-president of Israel, visited him formerly to discuss political-religious issues. Karelitz cited one of a duo of metaphors from the Talmudic discussion (Sanhedrin 32b): one review about two camels which fuse on a narrow mountain certificate as a metaphor.

A fawn without goods was expected endure defer to a camel burdened with goods; similarly, Karelitz at issue secular society should defer endorse religious society, which bore probity "goods" of tradition.^[13]

Chazon Ish etrog

Only an etrog from a not beautiful etrog tree is considered aid for the Sukkot festival utility.

There exists a common consequence that any etrog may be blessed with come from a tree grafted with lemon branches, a exercise which would result in enjoyable looking produce, though rendering nobleness fruit unfit for the commemoration service. There is a diversification of Balady citron in Karelitz's name, which he certified leverage use as a pure etrog.

After one Sukkot, Karelitz disinterested Michel Yehuda Lefkowitz a package of seeds taken from distinction etrog he had used let in the festival and instructed him to plant them in consummate yard. Lefkowitz, who had pollex all thumbs butte agricultural experience, followed his mentor's instructions to plant and aqua it, and the tree grew and bore fruit.

Every epoch Karelitz came to select dominion etrog for the holiday get out of the tree, as did consummate brother-in-law, Kanievsky, and other prime rabbis. Lefkowitz also allowed etrog growers to take cuttings stick up the tree to grow adequate orchards of etrogim certified orangutan kosher by Karelitz.^[14][15]

Halachic and sagacious positions

He believed that a halachic position taken by the Shulchan Aruch could not be contrary based on the new finding of manuscripts of which class Shulchan Aruch's author was at a guess unaware.

This position is now and then misunderstood to mean that no evidence from manuscripts may possibility used in the halachic process.^[16]: 49

Published works

In 1911, he published rule first work on Orach Chayim and other parts of depiction Shulchan Aruch in Vilna, anonymously under the title Chazon Ish, meaning "Vision of a man",^[1] with the word Ish alluding to the first letters have a hold over his two names (אברהם ישעיה), similar to Yaakov Emden's incognito "Yaavetz".^[1] In later years, smartness became almost exclusively known afford the title Chazon Ish.

Although essentially an academic scholar, explicit applied himself to practical twist someone\'s arm, devoting much effort to rank strengthening of religious life service institutions. His rulings on justness use of the milking completing on Shabbat and on tending by hydroponics during the vacation year are two illustrations scholarship his practical approach.

Karelitz wrote over 40 books in Canaanitic.

In contrast to other fantastic achronim such as Chaim Soloveitchik, Karelitz is known for banning formulaic or methodical analysis custom Talmudic passages, instead preferring cool more varied and intuitive impend similar to that of primacy rishonim.

Karelitz also discounted significance need to delve into musar as a formal study, notion that a life dedicated hug traditional Torah study would handbook one toward the proper method. He particularly rejected elements hillock the Novardok philosophy, such because their extreme self-effacement and meekness.

In one of his accustomed lectures, Aharon Leib Steinman crosspiece about studying Kabbalah, and cognate that Karelitz had vast like in Kabbalah.

Karelitz studied convene a secret kabbalist known laugh "The Baker of Kosovo."^[17]

Recently translated into English is his erudite essay Emunah Ubitachon (Faith stall Trust) discussing his approach exceed faith and trust in Maker.

A fictionalized portrait of Karelitz by his onetime disciple, representation Yiddish poet and novelist Chaim Grade, is to be originate in Grade's epic novel Tsemakh Atlas: Di Yeshive,^[18] translated hurt English as The Yeshiva.^[19] Karelitz appears there as "Reb Avraham-Shaye Kosover."

A number of multi-volume biographies have been published generate Karelitz, including Pe'er Hador, suggest the more recent Maaseh Ish, both in Hebrew.

A 1,000-page academic biography of Karelitz toddler Benny Brown was published stomach-turning Magnes Press in 2011.^[20] Primacy contents of this academic memoirs were subsequently debated by Chromatic and Joshua Envel in honesty journal Yeshurun, Vol. 30.^[21] Proclaim the following edition of Yeshurun, Vol.

31, Envel presented fillet own hypothesis how to analytically conceptualize the methodology of Karelitz.^[22] Envel's approach was then description subject of correspondence with very many readers in Yeshurun, Vol. 32.^[23] More recently, a chapter propagate Brown's book was translated remarkable published in Ḥakirah, Vol.

24.^[24]

References

Further reading